Individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places

Blue Ridge Tunnel

From Wikipedia

Blue Ridge Tunnel: railway tunnel in Virginia - Crozet's tunnel

Engineer Claudius Crozet oversaw this 4,237-foot railroad tunnel at Rockfish Gap, dug through solid granite with hand drills and black powder between 1850 and 1858 by about 800 Irish and 40 enslaved Black laborers; records count 189 deaths during the work. It was the longest tunnel in the United States when finished, carried trains until a larger parallel tunnel replaced it in 1944, and is remembered as a feat of antebellum engineering. After years of restoration it opened in 2020 as a walking and biking trail and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2023.

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